A Level Psychology OCR Practice Exam

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Which of the following was NOT a dependent variable in Piliavin et al.'s study?

Time taken for first help
Total number of passengers who helped
Gender, race and location of help
Socio-economic status of victims

The correct answer is: Socio-economic status of victims

In Piliavin et al.'s study, the dependent variables were designed to measure the reactions and behaviors of bystanders in helping situations. The time taken for the first help and the total number of passengers who helped directly relate to the researchers’ interest in bystander intervention, as they were observing how quickly and how many individuals would respond to an emergency. The gender, race, and location of help were also key aspects of the study, as they were crucial for understanding how these variables influenced the likelihood of receiving assistance. On the other hand, socio-economic status of victims was not a focus of the study and did not serve as a measure of bystander behavior. This variable was not manipulated or directly observed as part of Piliavin et al.'s examination of helping behavior, making it accurate to say that it was NOT a dependent variable in their research.