A Level Psychology OCR Practice Exam

Which had a greater influence on behavior in the study, male models or female models?

1. Male models

2. Female models

3. Equal influence

4. Neither had influence

The correct answer is: Male models

The choice indicating that male models had a greater influence on behavior reflects findings from social learning theory, which emphasizes the role of observational learning and modeling in shaping behavior. In many studies, particularly those involving children, male models often show a more significant effect on behaviors due to societal norms and expectations surrounding gender roles. For example, boys are frequently more likely to imitate male models due to perceived authority or a belief that behaviors exhibited by males are more relevant or aspirational for them. In contrast, female models may not elicit the same level of imitation in certain contexts, particularly if the behaviors being measured are more traditionally associated with masculinity. This focus on male models aligns with the understanding that various factors such as sex-role stereotypes and cultural influences contribute to the differential impact of male versus female models on behavior. Such insights reinforce the importance of considering gender dynamics in studies of social learning and behavior.