A Level Psychology OCR Practice Exam

Which group provided evidence for the claim that psychology can be considered a science?

1. Anecdotal evidence from case studies

2. Statistical tests in hypothesis testing

3. Subjective interpretations

4. Qualitative data analysis

The correct answer is: Statistical tests in hypothesis testing

The claim that psychology can be considered a science is strongly supported by the use of statistical tests in hypothesis testing. This approach is fundamental to the scientific method, which relies on empirical evidence and the ability to make predictions based on observations. Statistical tests allow researchers to analyze data quantitatively and determine whether the results are statistically significant, thereby helping to establish causal relationships and validate hypotheses in psychological research. In contrast, anecdotal evidence from case studies lacks the systematic methodology and rigor that characterizes scientific inquiry. While case studies can provide valuable insights, they do not allow for generalizations across larger populations. Similarly, subjective interpretations and qualitative data analysis are valuable in exploring deep understanding of individual experiences but do not lend themselves to the same level of empirical scrutiny as quantitative methods. Thus, the use of statistical tests underscores the scientific nature of psychology by enabling objective analysis and drawing conclusions based on data.