A Level Psychology OCR Practice Exam

What psychological concept is supported by the study involving Little Hans?

1. Oedipus complex

2. Electra complex

3. Defense mechanisms

4. Transference

The correct answer is: Oedipus complex

The study involving Little Hans is a significant case in Freud's psychoanalytic theory and is often cited as evidence for the Oedipus complex. This concept refers to a child's unconscious desire for the opposite-sex parent and feelings of rivalry with the same-sex parent, and it typically arises during the phallic stage of psychosexual development. In Little Hans' case, his fear of horses was interpreted by Freud as a projection of his underlying anxieties and feelings toward his father. Freud posited that this fear was symbolic of a deeper conflict related to the Oedipus complex, where Little Hans was envious of his father's authority and attention toward his mother. The details of Little Hans' phobia and his behavioral patterns provided Freud with insights into the dynamics of the Oedipus complex, affirming its significance in understanding childhood development and familial relationships. The other psychological concepts presented do not directly relate to the case study in the same way. The Electra complex focuses on female development, defense mechanisms are strategies to cope with anxiety and distress, and transference deals with transferring emotions from one person to another, typically in a therapeutic context. Thus, the study of Little Hans most directly supports the Oedipus complex within Freud's framework of psych