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What is a limitation of the studies conducted by Loftus and Palmer (1973) and Grant et al (1998) regarding generalizability?

  1. The studies cannot be applied to the general population

  2. The population studied was diverse and varied

  3. Results can easily be generalized to children and adults

  4. Both studies included a significant number of participants

The correct answer is: The studies cannot be applied to the general population

The rationale for selecting the first choice lies in the nature of the participants used in the studies conducted by Loftus and Palmer and Grant et al. Both studies primarily utilized university students, which can limit the generalizability of their findings to the wider population. University students may possess particular characteristics, such as age, educational background, and cognitive abilities, that might not reflect those of more diverse groups such as older adults, children, or individuals from varied socio-economic backgrounds. This discrepancy can lead to a challenge in applying the results to people outside the studied group, highlighting a limitation in terms of generalizability. Thus, the findings may not be representative of broader societal trends or cognitive processing across different age groups and demographics.