A Level Psychology OCR Practice Exam

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What is a key criticism of Dixon et al's study related to ecological validity?

Sample size was too small
Method of evidence presentation was unrealistic
Participants lacked real-life experiences
Content lacked diversity

The correct answer is: Method of evidence presentation was unrealistic

The correct response highlights a significant concern regarding ecological validity in Dixon et al's study. Ecological validity refers to the extent to which research findings can be generalized to real-world settings. If the method of evidence presentation in the study was deemed unrealistic, it means that the way information was presented may not reflect everyday scenarios individuals encounter outside of a controlled experimental environment. When evidence presentation is disconnected from how situations typically unfold in real life, it can hinder participants' genuine reactions or interpretations, thus affecting the applicability of the study's findings to real-world contexts. This discrepancy raises questions about how well the results actually reflect behaviors or decisions people would make in more naturalistic situations. While the other choices may touch upon relevant issues in research design, they do not directly address the specific concern regarding the realism of how evidence was presented and its impact on participants' responses.