A Level Psychology OCR Practice Exam

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What does reductionism in psychology entail?

Taking a complex concept and simplifying it
Integrating multiple perspectives for analysis
Emphasizing the role of experience in behavior
Ignoring biological factors in studies

The correct answer is: Taking a complex concept and simplifying it

Reductionism in psychology refers to the approach of breaking down complex psychological phenomena into their simpler, constituent parts to better understand them. This involves simplifying intricate concepts, behaviors, or processes to analyze them in a more manageable and focused way. By focusing on these basic elements, psychologists can identify key factors and assess how they contribute to larger psychological constructs. For example, when studying a complex behavior such as anxiety, a reductionist approach may involve examining genetic, neurological, or chemical factors individually, rather than considering the broader social or environmental context simultaneously. This method can lead to clear scientific conclusions that might be obscured by the complexity of the larger system. However, while reductionism can offer valuable insights, it may also risk oversimplifying the rich interplay of different influences on behavior.