A Level Psychology OCR Practice Exam

In what way do peer pressures influence adolescent risk-taking behavior?

1. They decrease the chance of taking risks.

2. They increase the perceived reward of risky behaviors.

3. They create a neutral effect on decision making.

4. They limit adolescents to only safe choices.

The correct answer is: They increase the perceived reward of risky behaviors.

Peer pressure plays a significant role in shaping adolescent behavior, particularly when it comes to risk-taking. The correct answer highlights that peer influences can amplify the perception of rewards associated with engaging in risky behaviors. This phenomenon occurs because adolescents are often motivated by a desire for social acceptance and approval from their peers. When peers display positive attitudes toward certain risky activities—like experimenting with substances or engaging in reckless behaviors—the individual adolescent may perceive these behaviors as more rewarding or desirable. This perceived increase in reward can diminish the perceived drawbacks or consequences of such actions, leading adolescents to take risks they might otherwise avoid. Peer comparison and the fear of social rejection can further enhance this effect, making risk-taking more appealing in group situations. Thus, adolescents may choose to engage in behaviors they believe will elevate their status or acceptance within their peer group, illustrating the powerful impact of social influences during this developmental stage.