A Level Psychology OCR Practice Exam

In terms of reliability, what is a significant factor for laboratory experiments?

1. Use of random samples

2. Standardization of procedures

3. Involvement of field conditions

4. Minimal participant involvement

The correct answer is: Standardization of procedures

The standardization of procedures is a crucial factor for ensuring the reliability of laboratory experiments. In research, reliability refers to the consistency of a measure or study. By standardizing procedures, researchers minimize variations in how the experiment is conducted across different trials or participants. This means that each participant experiences the same conditions, instructions, and timings, which enhances the ability to replicate the study and thus validates the findings. When procedures are consistent, any differences in the outcomes can be attributed to the experimental manipulation itself rather than extraneous variables. This is particularly important in laboratory experiments where researchers aim to isolate the effects of specific independent variables on dependent variables. Other factors mentioned, such as the use of random samples and minimal participant involvement, contribute to aspects of research but don’t directly enhance the reliability as effectively as standardization does. Field conditions may introduce variability that can undermine the control that laboratory settings strive to maintain. Therefore, standardization stands out as the key factor for assessing reliability in laboratory experiments.